Breeding Location:
Grassland with scattered trees, Rocky places
Breeding Type:
Monogamous, Solitary nester
Breeding Population:
Common near water
Egg Color:
White, sometimes with red brown spots
Number of Eggs:
3 - 6
Incubation Days:
15 - 17
Egg Incubator:
Female
Nest Material:
Made of mud pellets and moss and lined with vegetation.
Migration:
Some migrate
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Overview
Black Phoebe: Medium flycatcher, mostly black body and white belly. Outer tail feathers and undertail coverts are white. Bill, legs, feet are black. Feeds primarily on insects, sometimes small fish. Weak fluttering bouyant flight with shallow wing beats. Sallies from perch to catch insects in air.
Range and Habitat
Black Phoebe: Resident in northern California and southwestern U.S.; also occurs in the tropics. Preferred habitats include shady areas near water, streams, ponds, and lakes; occurs in city parks and open chaparral in winter.
Breeding and Nesting
Black Phoebe: Three to six white eggs, sometimes with red brown spots, are laid in a mud, moss, and grass nest lined with soft material, often feathers or cow hair, and built under a bridge, on a sheltered ledge, in a crevice, in an old building, or in hanging roots near the top of an embankment close to water. Incubation ranges from 15 to 17 days and is carried out by the female.
Foraging and Feeding
Black Phoebe: Hunts for food from a low, shaded perch where it watches for insects and swoops down to catch them in mid-air. Occasionally snatches food from the water's surface, ground, or vegetation; also eats small fish caught at the water's surface. Coughs up indigestible insect parts in the form of pellets.
Readily Eats
Meal Worms
Vocalization
Black Phoebe: Song is a thin, buzzing "pi-tsee", usually repeated. Call is a sharp, down-slurred "chip."
Similar Species
Black Phoebe: Eastern Phoebe has olive-gray sides and breast; gray-brown upperparts, and white underparts. Eastern Kingbird is larger, has black head, gray-black upperparts, and white underparts.
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